Munawir Aziz
The history of Muhammad is very important values in Islamic religion as basic learning to much more followers, throghout complicated as ‘Sunna’ in teology of Islam as religion or ways of life. Sunna is all of statement, mind and action every day from Muhammad as prophet, factually connected from Allah as God among Muslims adherent. Furthermore, Sunna as the values and basical learning to interpret (tafsir) Koran as important statement from Allah, as God in Islam as Abrahamic and monastic religion.
Sunna, basically, as references to interpret, analyse and find other law to solve problems among Muslim as followers, in other hand to observing reference after Mohammad pass a way. So, in Islamic tradition, Sunna not only as drive to meaning from laws to hold goal becoming Muslim, but to find values to references Koran from God to earth, with the result that Moslem as followers can get meaning of Islam as religion and way of live.
In Islamic tradition, law (syari’ah) as basic reference to interpret live, pray and relation with other (mu’amalah), occasionaly Islam not only commited to manage personal identity to increasing spirituality among adherent, but to change and reconstruct Moslem and all of human beings in our world. To campaign and put law to all of people, in islamic history, God give several values to Mohammad as prophet, arrival via Gabriel (Jibril) as angel to hold God’s statement, namely as ‘wahyu’ (the message). The Koran, basically, gived to all of human beings as father in world, throghout all of things in our life. Thus, the Koran as manifest of statement form God to manage all human beings and around it, to find good life and special relation with other. Factually, the Koran as complicated from law as values, not only to Moslems as followers in Islamic theology, but to all of human beings, as servants in our life.
But, to manage all of human beings, particularly privat goals, human sprituality, pray, and relation with other, the Koran maintenance just as basis laws, not spesific management values and law to all problems, nevertheless Muslims followers need of tool to hold statement and find regulation form Allah as one God. So, Sunna as basical references to hold God’s regulation to manage all of human beings to developing good of live. Altought, in order to solving all of problems, Muslims merely need of other interpret, such as ijma’ (the concencus of statement from Islamic piety to interpret the Koran’s regulation), qiyas (the imagery of problem solving form case in the Koran and Sunna), or little of moslem, using urf ( the law of local tradition to analyse basical problems, and to interpret the Koran in similarly case throghout to put manner to solve, from local tradition).
The step of interpret from Koran regulation, must arrival from the special figure or monk of Islamic piety who should be have completly knowledge of the Koran interpretation (tafsir), laws (syaria), theology (tauhid), and spesific values about the knowledge of pray (ushul fiqh and fiqh), namely as ‘Mujtahid’ who the moslem piety can interpret and give fatwa to all of islamic followers (As-Suyuthi, Asybah wa an-Nadhaair). Hence, the mujtahid as special figure as basic reference among muslims, when find complicated problems and contemporer case and Koran interpretation never describe about this.
In spite of the Koran interpretation as important manner to hold God’s statement, the Sunna as basical regulation when Koran never exlplained spesific case as learn values to all of Moslems. So, the Sunna as important reference among Islamic followers, to find values such as laws, spirituality, regulation to pray and other values to find wisdom from Mohammad. The question is, why the history of prophet Muhammad as important values among Moslems, not only when he life, but particularly after he pass a way? Factually, in history of prophet, Muhammad as the end prophet to spread values and messages to all of human beings, not only to Moslems as Islamic followers but to all of people, altought the other without faith of Islamic theology.
Factually, Mohammad was born on 570 ACE in Mecca from Quraish clan, as high family in Arab tradition. His father, Abdullah as important figure in Quraish community, and his mother Siti Aminah as special figure to take care Mohammad when his father is dead before he born.
Finally, the history of Mohammad as important values to all of Moslem, occasionaly the life of prophet Mohammad as Sunna (all of mind, statement and action), especially to reference among Moslem after Koran as God’s statement.
Reference:
Karen Amstrong, the history of Muhammad,
As-Suyuthi, al-Asybah wa an-Nadhaair.
Sirah Nabawiyyah.
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